What is IVF? What are the success rates?

In vitro fertilization is a method of conception frequently used by couples who cannot have children naturally.
For the treatment, sperm from the mam and oocyte from the woman are taken and fertilized in the external environment.
This process, which is expected to occur in the uterus under normal conditions, cannot occur due to some anomalies and pregnancy cannot occur.
Embryos created after artificial insemination performed in special incubation centers within the IVF laboratory are selected and placed in the mother's womb.

For the in vitro fertilization method, which increases the chances of having couples with little or no chance of pregnancy,
oocyte are taken to the expectant mothers ovary by anesthetizing. This process is called oocyte collection process.
On the same day, the sperm cells from the man are fertilized with oocyte cells and are transferred into the uterus after fertilization in 3-5 days.
IVF transfer is a painless operation.

Success Rates in IVF

Although it is a highly successful pregnancy method, unfortunately negative results can be obtained in some couples.
The aim of the IVF is to increase the chance of couples who want to be parents. Therefore,
the factors that increase the chance of in vitro fertilization are the key points of this treatment for us:

The reasons for infertility should be determined well before treatment. Knowing the problem will always bring us closer to a solution.
Using advanced methods such as vaccination, ERA test, Embryoscope, Microinjection will increase the success of the results.

Menstruation after IVF

Menstrual bleeding after IVF transfer, which is associated with the failure of IVF treatment,
is a type of vaginal bleeding called luteal phase bleeding that can be seen before pregnancy test. This hemorrhage, which can be seen in many patients,
usually occurs within 10 days of the first week following egg collection and can occur in about 7% to 42% of women receiving IVF.

Implant bleeding, also known as localization bleeding, is often feared in this stress-filled process in which the couples have a very tense waiting.
After embryo transfer, small bleedings such as brown discharge,
pink discharge often occur as implantation bleeding and this bleeding spontaneously disappears within 1-2 days.

This hemorrhage, which can be seen during the pregnancy test interval after embryo transfer,
is a bleeding that scares the prospective mothers and is thought to be among the symptoms of non-retention.
Although there is a relationship between the failure of the IVF and the bleeding after embryo transfer,
this does not always mean that the IVF does not retain and it is possible to talk about the possibility that the mother is still pregnant.

The number of patients who have bleeding after transfer and become pregnant is quite high. The first thing you should do in case of this bleeding,
which is thought to be menstrual bleeding after IVF, is strictly in despair and if you are taking medication for IVF (ovulation medication,
hormone medication and progesterone pill), you should strictly follow your physician's recommendations.

How Many Days After Transfer Pregnancy test must be done?

Ovarian stimulant drugs used for IVF treatment are hormone-containing drugs.
Drug treatment to increase the number of eggs released from the ovary during the menstrual cycle allows multiple eggs to be obtained,
which means an increase in the success rate of in vitro fertilization.

Since the hormone balance in the body changes, the menstrual delay after IVF is quite normal and the menstrual order will return to the usual balance over time.
However, if the IVF does not hold, the menstrual delay can last for 1-2 months.
The reasons for menstrual irregularity or menstrual delay are due to both medications and the intense stress experienced by the expectant mother.

In vitro fertilization test is performed 12 days after embryo transfer. This period is determined according to the women's menstrual calendar.
In other words, the period of pregnancy test after transfer is also the expected period for a woman to have her period.

However, if the pregnancy test is negative after IVF and you do not have menstruation,
you should wait for 2 weeks and consult your doctor if your period has not yet started. Many problems such as uterine infection,
ovarian infection or cyst formation are among the causes of menstrual delay and such problems can only be detected by detailed physician control.

How Long Does a Menstrual Delay After a Negative Result in an IVF?

Unfortunately, failure of the IVF is one of the problems we face.
Negative pregnancy test in in vitro fertilization is a process of great frustration for couples, especially the expectant mother.
When the medication administered to the expectant mother changes the routine hormone balance severely,
the recovery of the body is a certain process and this process is also accompanied by psychological conditions such as depression,
stress and anxiety. Coexistence of all these causes causes of menstrual delay after IVF and the first menstrual period can be seen after 1-2 months.

After In vitro fertilization, menstrual delay is a common condition. However, in some cases, post-IVF period may be due to pregnancy.
Therefore, at least 12 days should be waited for pregnancy test after embryo transfer.

It is also very common for the pregnancy test to be negative 12 days before the transfer.
The reason for this is that even if the pregnancy has occurred, the possibility of the IVF coming out of the blood or urine after transfer is very low.

When Does Risk End in IVF?

There is always a risk of miscarriage during pregnancy, and the first 8 weeks of pregnancy are the months when the highest risk of miscarriage.
The first reason of miscarriage in the first 3 months of pregnancy is the inability to hold the embryo in the uterus.

The risk of miscarriage in IVF is the same as that of normal pregnancy. In other words, the form of pregnancy does not affect the risk of miscarriage.
In all pregnancies, the risk of miscarriage decreases severely after 3 months and the risk occurrence in IVF coincides with the same months.

The fact that women who are pregnant by IVF method is under the control of doctors frequently since the beginning of the pregnancy
is the most important factor that reduces the risk of miscarriage and thus, even if there is bleeding during pregnancy,
the chance of saving the baby's life is much more. Thanks to early intervention, pregnancy can be continued without problems in many patients.

İsmet YILDIRIM MD. Gynecologist and Obstetrician, Infertility

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