HPV virus infection is a dangerous disease that encountered in women and men has been proven to cause cancer. HPV, which is the abbreviation of human papilloma virus, causes the formation of cervical warts. For this reason, it is among the most common causes of cervical cancer and uterine cancer.
HPV virus, which mostly forms on the skin surface and the mucosa covering the inner parts of the genital areas such as the uterus, creates an infection by destroying the skin covering layers called "multilayer squamous epithelium". HPV virus types have a large family of virus types. HPV, which is among the sexually transmitted diseases, has the risk of transmission in contact with the area where the warts are. For example, a hand wart can be transmitted to the opposite side by shaking hands.
What are the symptoms of genital warts?
Warts, which are flat or puffy on the skin, sometimes in the form of blisters filled with water and sometimes in pink and brown tones, are generally measured in millimeters, although in some people the sizes of warts can reach up to a few centimeters. Warts, which are seen in immunosuppressive people and diabetic patients due to various reasons, are mostly seen in larger and overlapping forms than their derivatives.
While the number and size of warts may regress in some people, sometimes an increase can be seen. Most of the time, genital warts do not cause symptoms, but complaints of bleeding and itching can be seen in some patients. In women, depending on the warts that occur in the internal genital area, it may manifest as bleeding during or after sexual intercourse and during pregnancy.
Most warts in the external genital area are visible and itchy. Genital warts in men can be seen in the penis, groin, testicle and rectal area. Although genital warts in men are at a low rate, they sometimes occur around the urinary tract and anus, and in this case, it gives symptoms with difficulty in urinating in men.
Warts may appear many years after infection and HPV can progress without any symptoms or disappear without appearing, while HPV lurks quietly. This is because the immune system destroys the virus. Not every virus has to be warts.
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What are the types of the virus?
It is known that 30 to 40 types of the virus, known as Human Papilloma Virus Infection, with over 170 different types, are anogenital. This means that 30-40 types of virus cause infection by destroying the surface of the external genital organs and around the anus and anus.
Does it cause cancer?
Cancer-causing high risk groups for Human papilloma virus with over 170 different subtypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 68, 73, 82 and 68 While the lower types are known as 6, 11, 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 61, 70, 72 and 81.
While the HPV virus is held responsible for all of the causes of cervical cancers, HPV infection is held responsible for head and neck cancers, penile cancer, vulva cancer, vaginal cancer and anal cancer. HPV virus, which is more common in these areas of sexual contact, plays little or a role in the development of cancer.
It is known that HPV Type 16 is responsible for 50% of cervical cancers and 15-20% of HPV Type 18. Human Papilloma Virus Infection, which is the most common cause of diseases such as genital warts and cervical warts, also causes serious health problems, especially cancer. When the causes of genital warts are investigated, type 6 and 11 infections, which are low-risk virus types, play a role in 90% of the patients.
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How is HPV transmitted?
Genital warts have a high potential for infection. Genital warts are mostly transmitted by oral, rectal and vaginal sexual contact. The transmission rate between partners is about 60%. Due to the high contamination rate, the lifelong genital warts in sexually active individuals has approached 50%.
- Risks in HPV transmission;
- Starting sexual intercourse at an early age
- Having multiple sexual partners
- Having unprotected sex
- A history of sexually transmitted infections
- Low immune system
How is HPV virus treated?
There is no cure for the HPV virus. However, infection can often be eliminated by the person's own immune system. When cancer development is examined, it is observed that a cell leaves its natural cycle and divides as an abnormal. In the formation of cervical cancer, this abnormal division passes through some intermediate steps and cancer develops.
With advanced tests such as the smear test, a biopsy is taken from the cervix, and as a result of the test, some types of cancer that are likely to turn into cancer can be detected after years. Although HPV is not a curable virus, cancer formation can be prevented or minimized by treating the pre-cancerous findings caused by HPV.
In diseases such as cervical cancer screening or uterine cancer screening, we can easily detect abnormalities that we encounter as a result of the test in diseases that we see the great benefits of early diagnosis, and treatment can be started as quickly as possible. Cervical warts, genital warts are among the most well-known signs of virus-induced infection. Genital warts can be treated with medication or simple or surgical interventions.
What symptoms does HPV virus give in men and women?
Both genital warts in men and genital warts in women are easily detectable lesions. Genital warts that can be seen in the scrotum area, also called the penis and scrotum in men; In women, although the external genital areas called the vulva occur frequently, warts may appear on the throat, around the mouth and around the anus on the lips.
Low-risk HPV types, which manifest themselves with genital warts, give symptoms very easily, although the types of viruses mentioned above are directly related to cancer, they often do not show symptoms and can only be detected by screening tests. Therefore, the importance of early diagnosis in cancer is too much to be valued.
How to understand the HPV virus in men?
There is no known diagnosis to diagnose HPV in men.
What should be done to prevent HPV?
HPV vaccine is the most effective and important step of prevention. At the same time, circumcision and using condoms reduce the risk of virus transmission.
What is the HPV vaccine?
HPV vaccine
has 3 different types and each vaccine is approved by the FDA. Approval for the
vaccine has been obtained for children and adults aged 9-26. At the same time,
women between the ages of 24-45 who have not been diagnosed with HPV before are
vaccinated. Intramuscular vaccine HPV vaccine has a protective effect against
warts and cancer development depending on the HPV types it contains. Vaccines
should be administered intramuscularly at 0, 1 or 2 and 6 months.
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